Pain is a symptom that occurs with almost any disease.Among them, back pain is distinguished, like some of the most common.
The pain can be very diverse:
- Sharp;
- Chronic;
- Extended to the neighboring area.
The causes can be diseases of internal organs, blood vessels, mechanical damage.
Back pain characterization
Depending on when it appeared, there is acute and chronic pain, which has a different intensity:
- Light;
- Strong;
- Drilling;
- Pain;
- Fire;
- With or without irradiation.
Your character can be:
- Repeat;
- Constant;
- Random.
The back pain associated with column pathologies can be accompanied by the following symptoms:
- A sensation of light tingling ("running chicken skin").
- Feeling of weakness.
- Numbness of the extremities, if there is a pinch of certain cerebrospinal nerves.
- The lethargy of the arms or legs, which depends on the degree of damage.
- Nun of the scrotum and a decrease in its sensitivity.
In severe associated conditions, for example, to the cerebrospinal team, in which cerebrospinal spines are damaged, a violation of the normal operation of the bladder can occur:
- Urine incontinence;
- Delay in urination;
- The difficult beginning of urination.
The causes of pain
The most common cause is the irritation of cerebrospinal nerve roots.With column damage, pain happens:
- Cervical;
- Thoracic;
- Lumbar;
- The sacrum.
Neck
The neck is a mobile and less protected column.Neck pain can occur due to many reasons:
- Deteriorated muscle function;
- Ligament damage;
- Long stay in an awkward position;
- During sports;
- Overgrowth with prolonged seat.
Neck pain is often newspaper, but it happens that occurs due to serious violations, such as:
- Dam damage;
- Wounds;
- A fracture of the vertebrae in which there is a violation of the movement of blood for the brain.
But the most common reason in which the neck hurts is a prolonged position in an uncomfortable and unnatural position, as well as in a dream, due to the excess of the cervical muscles.
Injuries
The neck is the most mobile column.Therefore, when injuries during an accident, sporting events, in everyday life, the neck is more frequently suffered.And upon receiving a serious injury associated with a fracture of the vertebrae, there is a threat of damage to the spinal cord, which can lead to paralysis of the whole body.
Seizures
This is the name of strong and prolonged muscle contractions that can cause pain due to the compression of nerve endings.If a spasm continues for a long period of time, there is a violation of blood flow in the muscles, which negatively affects metabolism, as a result of which the accumulation of lactic acid in muscle tissues occurs.In this case, irritation of nerve endings occurs, pain occurs.
Spondilartrosis
With this pathology, deforming the edges of the vertebrae and the ossification in the place of attachment to them of the ligaments, which reduces the mobility of the spine.A similar disease is found in almost all people during body aging.
In the vast majority of cases, spondilatrosis is asymptomatic, but moderate pains can occur, which practically do not affect the motor activity of a person and does not reduce performance.
A sign of spondilartrosis of the cervical column is pain:
- Necklace zone;
- Cervical region;
- On the back of the head;
- Among the shoulder blades.
It is caused by the irritation of receptors located within the ligaments on the intervertebral discs or direct effects on nerve roots.
Back pain between shoulder blades
The cause of pain in the interlopata region can be:
- Osteochondrosis of the thoracic column;
- Hernia of intervertebral discs;
- Spondilartrosis;
- Intercostal neuralgia;
- Myositis of the spinal muscles;
- Stomach ulcer;
- Pneumonia.
Back pain on the lower back
- Osteochondrosis;
- Displacement (damage) of the intervertebral disc;
- Stretching of the back muscles;
- Myositis (right or left);
- Long stay in an awkward position;
- Irradiation for heart disease;
- Kidney diseases.
Back pain under the lower back
- Primary, metastatic tumor of the vertebrae, retroperitoneal space, spinal cord;
- Call fracture;
- Scoliosis;
- Infection of intervertebral discs and vertebrae:
- Brucellosis.
- Tuberculosis.
- Epidural abscess.
- Non -infectious diseases:
- Reiner syndrome.
- Anyllosing spondyl artis.
- Rheumatoid arthritis.
- Pain reflected in the pathologies of pelvic organs and gynecological infectious diseases:
- Gonorrhea.
- Annexitis
- Chlamydia
- Trichomoniasis.
Lumbar pain can be acute, chronic and its causes can be not only problems with the spine, but also radiated from internal, intestine organs, etc.
Sacred pain
The pain in the sacrum can be associated with the pathologies described above.In addition, other characteristic symptoms of this area may appear:
- Urine problems (delay, incontinence);
- Defecation problems (diarrhea, constipation).
Diagnosis
To identify the reasons why the back hurts, a comprehensive exam must be carried out, since one of the symptoms is not enough.
In the initial exam, the doctor listens to the patient's complaints, discover exactly where it hurts.Next, the history of diseases is studied, whether there were similar complaints, what treatment was performed.
It is important to establish whether the cause of back pain was increasing the weights, finding in harmful conditions, the presence of allergies and a family history.
In addition, the doctor can direct the following studies:
- X -Ray diagnosis.
- Magnetic resonance
- Computer tomography.
- Myelography
- Electromielography.
- Spinal puncture.
Back pain treatment
As a general rule, when such pain appears, it is not necessary to seek medical assistance immediately, everything can happen for a few days.
But with the appearance of acute pain, accompanied by disorders in urination, weakness, decreased sensitivity in the limbs, acute weight loss, the medical institution must be visited immediately.
In case of injury, it is recommended to join a cold compress to the affected area, which will facilitate inflammation, reduce swelling, slows down the transmission of Bruis' pain.
Within 10-14 days, you can use back pain analgesics.
With severe pain, drug -based analgesics can be downloaded, but they must be very careful, since they can cause addiction.
Hormonal medications (corticosteroids) are used in the absence of the effect of analgesics and non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs.
Massage
It is widely used for the prevention and for the treatment of various diseases in the following areas of medicine:
- Therapy;
- Surgery;
- Neurology;
- Orthopedics, etc.
After the course of the therapeutic massage, there is an improvement in blood microcirculation, fatigue is suffered, pain decreases, skeleton muscles relax.There are many massage varieties and what kind of preference to give, the doctor should decide.
Physiotherapy
The treatment is done using a variety of physical factors:
- Low or high temperature;
- Magnetic field;
- Ultrasound;
- Electricity;
- Laser rays;
- Ultraviolet radiation;
- Therapeutic mud;
- Water procedures.
Physiotherapeutic treatment is recognized as the most preferable, has high efficiency, safety and accessibility.
Manual therapy
The treatment of back pain is carried out by exposure to the hands of a manual therapist in the human body, which allows the correction of the joints and the spine.Similarly, scoliosis, osteochondrosis, neurology are treated and post -traumatic rehabilitation is performed.
Acupuncture
This method of treatment came to us from Chinese medicine, in which needles are introduced into special points in the human body, thus causing a positive therapeutic effect.
Acupuncture
The method is also associated with the impact on human points, but unlike the previous method, they are affected by the fingers.
Medical Physical Education
This method is based on the implementation of special exercises, subject to the following rules:
- Slow execution.
- Gradual increase in load.
- Perform exercises until a slight pain begins to feel.
- With sharp back pain, the exercises are lying down, thus reducing the load on the intervertebral discs.
Hydrotherapy
This method to treat back pain is the oldest and is based on the use of water to recover a person.To do this, use water streams, contrast shower, immersion in water and cleaning with a moisturized towel with water.
Clinical trials showed that hydrotherapy, with their regular use, can reduce back pain, joints.
Surgical treatment
It is carried out in the absence of a positive effect of treating back pain with the previous methods.
Types of more common operations:
- Laminectomy.The part of the vertebra is eliminated to avoid the compression of the nerve root.In the nerve, the blood supply is restored due to an increase in free space, irritation decreases and pain decreases.
- Spondylodez.The purpose of the operation is to reduce the pain between the contact surfaces of the vertebrae, for which a bone transplant is installed between them.This operation is carried out with a tumor or fractures of the vertebrae, osteochondrosis of the spine.
Back pain prevention
It should begin in childhood so that the child does not have a skeleton deformation, since at an early age the bones are soft and flexible.If the formation of the skeleton of the column is not correct, a rape of the posture can occur, which will lead even more to the appearance of diseases and back pain.
For a preventive purpose, it is recommended to carry out hardening procedures, massages, bathe, sunbathe, corresponding to the age of child gymnastics.An important factor is adequate and balanced nutrition, since this affects the general development of the body.
What to do if the back hurts due to a sedentary lifestyle?
Such a question is asking people whose work is related to a long place in one place.Most of the time, complaints about the pain in the neck and lower back.As a general rule, the cause of discomfort is an insufficient team and inconvenience of the workplace, insufficient attention to their health of the employees themselves.
To eliminate back pain, you need:
- Adjust the height of the chair in relation to the desk.
- The elbows must be on the table, without allowing excessive flexion of the back forward.
- The feet must be completely on the surface of the floor.
- Fold your legs on your knees, forming an angle of 90 degrees.
- The correct location of the monitor is at the face level.
- The keyboard must be placed so that when it is print, the flexion of the column in the cervical region is insignificant.
- From time to time, take breaks at work, during which to do several gymnastic exercises to relieve tension in the legs and back.